Early prediction of COVID-19 outcome using artificial intelligence techniques and only five laboratory indices

We aimed to develop a prediction model for intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients using artificial neural networks (ANN). We assessed 25 laboratory parameters at first from 248 consecutive adult COVID-19 patients for database creation, training, and development of ANN models. We developed a new alpha-index to assess association of each parameter with outcome. We used 166 records for training of computational simulations (training), 41 for documentation of computational simulations (validation), and 41 for reliability check of computational simulations (testing). The first five laboratory indices ranked by importance were Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, Lactate Dehydrogenase, Fibrinogen, Albumin, and D-Dimers. The best ANN based on these indices achieved accuracy 95.97%, precision 90.63%, sensitivity 93.55%. and F1-score 92.06%, verified in the validation cohort. Our preliminary findings reveal for the first time an ANN to predict ICU hospitalization accurately and early, using only 5 easily accessible laboratory indices

Depth profiling of high energy nitrogen ions implanted in the 〈1 0 0〉, 〈1 1 0〉 and randomly oriented silicon crystals

This work reports on the experimentally obtained depth profiles of 4 MeV N-14(2+) ions implanted in the (100), (110) and randomly oriented silicon crystals. The ion fluence was 10(17) particles/cm(2), The nitrogen depth profiling has been performed using the Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) method, via the study of N-14(d,alpha(0))C-12 and N-14(d,alpha(1))C-12 nuclear reactions, and with the implementation of SRIM 2010 and SIMNRA computer simulation codes. For the randomly oriented silicon crystal, change of the density of silicon matrix and the nitrogen bubble formation have been proposed as the explanation for the difference between the experimental and simulated nitrogen depth profiles. During the implantation, the RBS/C spectra were measured on the nitrogen implanted and on the virgin crystal spots. These spectra provide information on the amorphization of the silicon crystals induced by the ion implantation. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved